Read one path. Then track the next state.
For construction electricians and later apprentices who want a focused introduction to ladder-logic reading. Work from stated tag bits, explain which path passes and carry a previous result through a short sequence. This packet teaches a narrow reading model; it is not a complete industrial-controls course.
What you receive
- 15-page workbook with 40 original exercises: 16 introductory single-state readings, 16 combined-path readings and eight five-step memory traces. Original diagrams, a use guide and the paper model are included.
- Separate 13-page worked-answer PDF: path-by-path explanations for all 32 single-state tasks and complete previous/new-state tables for all eight sequences.
- CSV review log: 40 question IDs with blank columns for your result, first wrong test or row, reason and next attempt. It has no formulas or automatic scoring.
The PDFs are US Letter and are not fillable. Print the pages or write in a notebook while viewing a PDF reader. A computer is convenient for the optional CSV. No PLC, simulator, separate training account or special paid software is required to use the files. The original PDFs and CSV have no automatic grading or progress sync. The additional offline companion described below checks your practice answers.
Try two actual state traces before you buy
These unchanged pages are from edition 1.0. Fill C01 and C02 before opening the answers. Click a page to enlarge it.
Check the worked traces for C01-C02
Start free, then decide
The existing free controls article introduces relays, PLCs and a seal-in concept. AutomationDirect provides a free programming introduction and a bit-test reference. The paid pack adds original guided exercises, separated worked answers and a manual review log; the definitions are not exclusive information.
Choose the right learning task
For NEC lookup and schematic/plan questions, see the existing Electrical Inspector NEC Lookup and Plan-Reading Practice. For NEC exam preparation, review the Texas Journeyman practice pack or Texas Master practice pack for your exam level. This packet focuses on abstract bit-state reading, not those exam outlines or a PLC career-orientation service.
The model is stated before every sequence
A plain test passes when its addressed bit is 1; a slashed test passes when that bit is 0. Series tests use AND and complete parallel paths use OR. The eight memory tasks use Qnew = E AND (P OR Qprev), starting from the given Q and updating it after each listed row. A slashed program test does not identify a physical switch position.
All tags, inputs and outputs in the exercises are abstract and fictional. They are not terminal labels, device states or executable PLC code. Vendor scan timing, physical I/O, timers, analog signals, machine sequencing, wiring, fault diagnosis and safety-system design are outside the packet. A correct worksheet is not evidence of field competence, equipment safety, qualification or an employment outcome.
Practise with original exercise diagrams, abstract states and worked explanations by Engineer Tsai Team. Move from a single bit-state reading to a five-step trace, then use the review log to revisit a missed decision.
Purchase and support
US$12, one payment, no automatic renewal. This purchase supplies the original three listed files and the additional offline companion ZIP and does not grant paid membership. Download access follows the store’s existing order process. For a file or question issue, contact us with the title, edition and question ID. Store refund policy.
Edition 1.0.
Practice with feedback on your computer
An additional offline companion is now included at the same US$12 price. All 40 existing logic exercises now have answer checking, individual explanations and a retry queue; five-step traces accept all five output bits.
- 40 items with explanations and a wrong, unsure or needs-review queue. Your selections or numeric answers receive immediate feedback.
- Keep your own correction notes and export a private session file. Import that file later to resume this product’s practice.
- The companion reuses the existing question set; these are not additional distinct original exam questions.
Download ladder-logic-state-trace-practice-pack-offline-companion.zip, extract the ZIP and open START-HERE.html in a current desktop browser. Work offline after downloading. Export your private session before closing or reloading to keep your answers, then import the backup when you return. Keep and transfer the exported file yourself when moving between devices.
Use the included PDF, templates and sample pages alongside the companion. Review the explanations, keep a note of the first uncertain step and return to it on another attempt. For planning figures, use your own inputs and confirm actual requirements with the responsible employer, program or authority.
